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This book delivers an unpopular message: the West has played a pivotal role in the Russian economic disaster of the 1990s. Western advisors, including the International Monetary Fund and the U.S. Treasury, applied a narrow conception of economics that pushed Russia, after more than seventy years of communism, toward another failed utopia.
The twenty-six contributions to this book are divided into three parts: theory, evidence, and policy. Part One directly challenges orthodox economic theory for obscuring the necessary role of government in creating and sustaining a market system and features essays by three Nobel laureates in economics—Kenneth J. Arrow, Lawrence R. Klein, and James Tobin. Part Two describes the dimensions of the economic crisis in Russia and presents a Russian perspective on the failure of shock therapy. Part Three presents policy recommendations, with special attention given to improving the integrity and administrative competence of the Russian government.
- Sales Rank: #4548115 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Stanford University Press
- Published on: 2002-02-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.00" w x 6.00" l, 1.40 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 480 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
"No writing or oratory in history has been more replete with bad advice than that given Russia in the last decade. Here, for a change, is something very good—the best, in fact, that truly competent and responsible American and Russian scholars have to offer. I strongly recommend it."—John Kenneth Galbraith
"A searching critique of the strategy favored in the West . . . it contributes fresh perspectives on the much debated question concerning the 'big bang' versus 'gradualism' in communist economic transformation."—Abram Bergson, Harvard University
"This admirable work has contributions from an impressive group of specialists who cover the topic comprehensively. Balanced, reasonable transitions in various economic sectors are urged persuasively and in some cases even eloquently. The book has the potential for making a significant impact."—Ralph T. Fisher, Jr., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
"[An] excellent, well-organized, and useful collection about economic reform in postcommunist Russia. . . . The strength of The New Russia lies in the editors' thoughtful and thematic organization of the material, the consistency of argumentation applied to a panoply of economic issues, the depth and rigor of analysis throughout, and the prescription for recovery in the 'Reform Agenda' and 'Call for Action.'"—Slavic Review
From the Inside Flap
“This admirable work has contributions from an impressive group of specialists who cover the topic comprehensively. Balanced, reasonable transitions in various economic sectors are urged persuasively and in some cases even eloquently. The book has the potential for making a significant impact.”
—Ralph T. Fisher, Jr.,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
This book delivers an unpopular message: the West has played a pivotal role in the Russian economic disaster of the 1990s. Western advisors, including the International Monetary Fund and the U.S. Treasury, applied a narrow conception of economics that pushed Russia, after more than seventy years of communism, toward another failed utopia.
The twenty-six contributions to this book are divided into three parts: theory, evidence, and policy. Part One directly challenges orthodox economic theory for obscuring the necessary role of government in creating and sustaining a market system and features essays by three Nobel laureates in economics—Kenneth J. Arrow, Lawrence R. Klein, and James Tobin. Part Two describes the dimensions of the economic crisis in Russia and presents a Russian perspective on the failure of shock therapy. Part Three presents policy recommendations, with special attention given to improving the integrity and administrative competence of the Russian government.
From the Back Cover
“No writing or oratory in history has been more replete with bad advice than that given Russia in the last decade. Here, for a change, is something very good—the best, in fact, that truly competent and responsible American and Russian scholars have to offer. I strongly recommend it.”—John Kenneth Galbraith
“A searching critique of the strategy favored in the West . . . it contributes fresh perspectives on the much debated question concerning the ‘big bang’ versus ‘gradualism’ in communist economic transformation.”—Abram Bergson, Harvard University
Most helpful customer reviews
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
a useful collection of essays
By A Customer
The book The New Russia: Transition Gone Awry is a collection of twenty-seven essays by noted Russian and American economists and analysts, including Oleg Bogomolov, Leonid Abalkin, Georgi Arbatov, Marshall Pomer, and Lawrence Klein (winner of the 1980 Nobel Prize in economics). The book is divided into three main parts ("Economic Role of Government," "Economic Crisis," and "Policy Agenda") and contains a foreword by Mikhail Gorbachev. This volume resulted from the activities of the Economic Transition Group (ETG), an international network of economists set up in 1994 on the initiative of Marshall Pomer (Macroeconomic Policy Institute, Santa Cruz, California) and Alexander Nekipelov (Institute of International Economic and Political Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences). The purpose of the ETG was to bring together prominent economists, many of them Nobel Prize winners, to reexamine the early Yeltsin years and develop an alternative economic strategy that would strengthen democratic government but also "minimize harm in human terms." The contributors advocate a balanced approach to reform that avoids both unrealistic free-market ideals and excessive government control. The chapters are clearly written and cover a wide range of topics, including the shortcomings of the competitive-equilibrium model, origins and consequences of "shock therapy," privatization, corrupt banking and "pyramid schemes," poverty and social assistance, real estate markets, agriculture, coal industry, energy efficiency, human capital, government leadership, and trade within the Commonwealth of Independent States.
In the first essay, Pomer warns against attributing the failures of Russian economic reform to "bad implementation of good policy." He believes that Russian reformers paid too little attention to government's role and placed too much faith in the free market (p. 21). The Western-oriented competitive-equilibrium model (the "neoclassical paradigm") was unsuitable for the Russian economy. "The proposition that the market would adjust on its own without an activist government proved fallacious in Russia," Pomer writes (p. 23). Russian citizens were not ready for "shock therapy." The foreign competition and radical price liberalization (beginning in January 1992) stunned industry. This led to a sharp drop in living standards.
In their essay on crime and corruption, Svetlana Glinkina, Andrei Grigoriev, and Vakhtang Yakobidze point out that perestroika actually fueled corruption (p. 234). Privatization merely transferred the assets of an inherently wealthy country to a powerful elite ("oligarchs"), a politically connected business elite largely oriented toward plunder. Although individual Russian citizens during the first phase of privatization could purchase "vouchers" that were supposedly redeemable for cash or a share of industry, they soon discovered that the vouchers were useless because dividends were rarely paid and investors had no power in the decision-making process.
Banks run by the "oligarchs" sprang up that promised citizens rates of return over 1,000 percent. Desperate to preserve their savings in the inflationary period of the early 1990s, more than 20 million citizens lost everything in what turned out to be "pyramid" schemes. These banks---for which there were no reporting requirements regarding sources of large deposits---were heavily involved in money laundering and embezzlement on the part of insiders (p. 236). According to the authors, "by delaying payments on government obligations and giving short-term interbank credits at outrageous interest rates, the bankers were able to amass substantial fortunes. At the same time, federal and local governments routinely reneged on paying salaries (p. 237). Five of the largest private banks and their leaders---Inkombank (Vinogradov), SBS-Agro (Smolensky and Berezovsky), Most Bank (Gusinsky), Menatep (Khodorkovsky), and Rossiiskii Kredit (Malkin)---routinely granted loans to their affiliated companies for amounts greater than those of their debts to private depositors (p. 242).
The New Russia contains many more insights than can be covered here. Because the book covers many aspects of the Russian economic system, it would be suitable to assign in courses on comparative economics or Russian politics. The detailed, cogent essays written mostly by Russian economists make this book preferable to more generalized books on Russian economic transition written by Western scholars, such as Stephen Cohen's Failed Crusade: America and the Tragedy of Post-Communist Russia (2001) and Steven Solnick's Stealing the State: Control and Collapse in Soviet Institutions (1998), or those that focus almost exclusively on crime and corruption, such as Paul Khlebnikov's Godfather of the Kremlin: Boris Berezovsky and the Looting of Russia (2000).--Johanna Granville, Ph.D. (Stanford University)
5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
Great!
By Petya Fantikov
I am not a traditional book reader and this book was found by me accidentally. The book is very interesting even for Russians since in Russia we still have a very strong neoliberal propaganda and everybody who criticises our "reformers" is treated immediately as a communist. For me it was great to find such a book, where highly qualified Russian and American economists including Nobel prize winners criticise so hardly our "market bolsheviks". I also found a very nice web-site containing many articles of Russian and Western economists on this subject. For those of you who can read Russian texts I would like to recommend this web-site:
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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Engrossing
By August Bullock, author of "The Secret Sales Pitch: An Overview of Subliminal Advertising"
Provides a comprehensive picture of the course of economic transition in Russia under Yeltsin. Explains how the West's push for shock therapy had brutal consequences. Important contributions from a number of prominent Russian and American economists.
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